What legal doctrine indicates that a person cannot claim damages if they have consented to the risk?

The legal doctrine that indicates a person cannot claim damages if they have consented to the risk is known as "Volenti Non Fit Injuria." This Latin phrase translates to "to a willing person, no injury is done." In the context of tort law, it essentially means that if an individual voluntarily accepts a risk associated with an activity, they cannot later seek compensation for injuries incurred as a result of that risk.

For example, if a person attends a sporting event and is injured by a ball that is hit into the stands, that person may not be able to pursue a claim for damages because they voluntarily accepted the inherent risks of attending such an event. The doctrine acknowledges that individuals have the right to partake in activities while understanding and accepting the associated risks.

In contrast, negligence involves failing to meet a standard of care that results in harm, vicarious liability refers to a situation where one party is held liable for the actions of another, and strict liability imposes liability without the need to prove negligence or fault. All these concepts differ fundamentally from the principle of voluntary consent to risks as represented by Volenti Non Fit Injuria.